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#RusTechDel
Ivan Komarov
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R+D in Russia: A Dismal State
Ivan Komarov
It seems that every time Russia’s leaders proclaim an “innovative leap forward,” the West publishes fresh statistics indirectly proving that such a leap is impossible. For example, a recent report on the number of patents registered with the U.S. Patent Office over the last five years shows that Denmark has more than twice as many patents than Russia, Sweden has 6.8 times more, and Canada — 20 times more. What’s more, Germany registers more patents in one year than the Soviet Union and Russia combined over the last half century.
In addition, Russia produces just 2.6 percent of all articles published in international scientific and academic journals, placing it 14th worldwide. It seems that scientific progress is practically at a standstill in Russia, while in leading industrial countries science is taking giant strides forward.
Why is Russia falling so far behind? The standard explanation is inadequate funding. Russia’s 2009 budget for research and development was less than 170 billion rubles ($5.45 billion). By comparison, China allocated $136.2 billion. Russia spends only 0.75 percent of its gross domestic product on scientific R&D, while Japan, Israel, Sweden and many other countries spend more than 3 percent of GDP.
In the rest of the world, scientific achievements are first transformed into manufactured goods before they become a part of the national economy. In no country does the income from the sale of patents and licenses exceed 3.5 percent of total exports. This demonstrates that the driving force for progress is demand from the real sector, which is practically nonexistent in Russia. U.S. companies spend an average of 3.5 percent of their earnings on R&D, and in the European Union that figures averages 3.2 percent. In particular, pharmaceutical companies spend from 13 percent to 16 percent of earnings on R&D, and telecommunications companies — up to 19 percent. In Russia, that indicator does not exceed 0.5 percent, and such national flagship corporations like Gazprom and Rosneft spend no more than a meager 0.17 percent on R&D. Automobile and aircraft manufacturing, shipbuilding and electronics — sectors that drive scientific and technological progress in other countries — are weak in Russia.
The second important factor is the overall deterioration of the country’s education system — not only in the sense that it is underfunded, but also in its loss of prestige. Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, Russia experienced a major brain drain to other countries. At the same time, there has been a sharp rise in the number of university students, while the number of professors has declined. To make matters worse, it is quite easy to simply purchase a “candidate” degree (something roughly between a master’s degree and a Ph.D. in the West) and even a Ph.D. in Russia without actually studying or writing the required dissertations. There are enough artificial holders of these degrees that their overall value has dropped markedly — even for those who earned them honestly.
The third major factor is the closed and fragmented nature of the country’s scientific community. Among member states of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 22 percent of all scientific articles published are written by an international team of authors. In Russia, that number is less than 1 percent. Foreign professors account for 11 percent to 43 percent of teaching staffs at EU universities and about 9 percent in the United States. In Russia, the number is statistically insignificant. The quality of Russia’s scientific journals is rapidly declining. In Holland, natural science journals have a readership 40 times larger than Russia’s.
Can Russia ever become innovative? Highly unlikely. The government has made superficial attempts to build an “innovation economy” by throwing money at ventures like Rusnano, but little is being done to develop innovation from the bottom up. Moreover, the government is spending much more money on supporting the raw materials sector. This is a clear indication that the state is more interested in maintaining the status quo than developing innovation.
Vladislav Inozemtsev is a professor of economics, director of the Moscow-based Center for Post-Industrial Studies and editor-in-chief of Svobodnaya Mysl.
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Chekhov on Crisis
Ivan Komarov
Thank you, Andrei Deryabin.
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Some fun for Thursday
Ivan Komarov
Sorry if this is copyrighted but so true:
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Ivan Komarov
Why SMS Advertising from 4INFO research
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Mobile Marketer's Mobile Commerce Guide Nov 2008
Ivan Komarov
Here is a list of contents of short contributions from different people on Mobile Commerce:
2 INTRODUCTION Mobile commerce: It’s a reality By Giselle Abramovich
BASIC
3 The current state of mobile commerce
By Steve Timpson, Siteminis5 Mobile commerce: The importance of the end-user experience
By Mike Beech, Acision6 Mobile is not the tiny Web
By Jason Cianchette, Liquid Wireless7 Mobile commerce: Leveraging the targeted impulse purchase opportunity
By Alan Sultan, Acuity Mobile8 From the desktop to the mobile phone: Advancing mobile commerce a single-click at a time
By Michael Dulong, Billing Revolution10 How content providers can profit from mobile search, on- and off-deck
By Stephen Burke, MCN11 How to optimize your Web site for mobile
By Marc Peter, on-IdleINTERMEDIATE
12 Reaching consumers at point of need key to mobile commerce
By Brad Bostic, ChaCha Search13 How to achieve mobile marketing success with optimized landing pages
By Kim Ann King, SiteSpect14 American shoppers turn to coupons during economic slowdown
By Steven Gray, Money Mailer15 The role of idle screen in driving mobile commerce
By Jon Jackson, Mobile Posse16 FEATURE Sears wins with mobile commerce
By Giselle Abramovich, Mobile Marketer18 Mobile banking’s place in the ecosystem
By Michael Foschetti, Mobisix19 Customer service leads the way in mobile travel Web adoption
By Gerry Samuels, Mobile Travel TechnologiesADVANCED
20 Beyond the handset: Leveraging mobile distribution points to reach underserved markets
By Moneet Singh, MPower Mobile21 An evolution revolution: SMS transforms mobile commerce
By Chuck Drake, Clickatell22 Hate crowds? Want your mobile content to stand out? Try thinking globally, acting locally and embracing the mobile Web
By Ray Anderson, Bango23 Banks and carriers finally realizing the power of mobile commerce
By Matthew Talbot, Sybase 36524 So, now you have a mobile site. What’s next?
By Richard Eicher, Skycore25 Personalization: Teenage sex all over again
By Mory Bahar, Personal Remedies27 Mobile commerce: The Legal Landscape
By Brian W. Esler and David Rice, Miller Nash28 Mobile sellers face technological and legal challenges
By Gonzalo E. Mon, Kelley Drye & Warren29 12 tips for building a mobile site
By Marci Troutman, Siteminis30 Camera-phone mobile commerce
By Rob DeStefano, Mobile Data Systems31 A universal compliance standard will jump-start the mobile commerce industry
By Eric Holmen, SmartReply32 ‘Tis the season for mobile
By Conrad Lisco, 5th Finger -
Power Properties of Eyeline's SMS (USSD) Center
Ivan Komarov
It was Eyeline’s entry for Green Award of GSMA: they took the money, ignored the entry. Here it is for those who care:
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What is the name of your policy, programme or initiative? When was it launched or introduced?
Eyeline SMS & USSD Center (SMSC) was first deployed in 2002. To the best of our knowledge, it is the most green solution in its category in the market today.
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What specific environment, employee, management, product manufacturing or deployment issues are addressed by your policy, programme or initiative?
The number of exchanged SMS and USSD messages have been rising on a year to year basis. Environmental impact from such growth of SMS and USSD messaging is yet to be determined. On our side, Eyeline Communications, as a supplier of solutions enabling SMS and USSD messaging, can ensure that messages serviced by our Center have the lowest possible environmental impact.
While meeting most operators’ performance requirements (up to 3,000 msg/sec in current installations), Eyeline SMS&USSD Center shows impressive energy saving characteristics:
Preset performance: 1,000 msg/sec (SMS or one-way USSD transactions)
Required electric power: 1.2 kWh (300 Watt/hr per one idle server and 400 Watt/hr per one 100% utilized server plus one 500W/hr storage)
Required cooling: 3,500 BTU/hr (2×1000BTU+1500BTU=3500BTU/hr)
Required space: 2×1U+2U=4 Units
The system runs on Sun servers under OS Solaris, the code is developed by Eyeline. Code development took approximately 50,000 man-hours.
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How do these benefit users, stakeholders, employees, or the wider world?
USERS: Eyeline SMSC in the described configuration covers the needs of up to 50 million GSM subscribers for SMS & USSD point-to-point messaging and VAS. Extended configurations can serve hundreds of millions of users.
OPERATORS: Significant drop in operating costs.
* Lower power consumption: the Center sends 180,000 SMS consuming the same energy as one hour of one 60W light bulb.
* 2-in-1: USSD and SMS centers in 1 system
* lower cost per message due to high performance.
* Center requires minimal (as compared to other solutions) cooling thus it can easily be added to an existing server room. Operator’s staff is usually surprised to find Eyeline USSD&SMSC requiring 4 units instead of one (or more) fully occupied rack stands.
* savings on support/maintenance staff: only 2 service employees are usually required on the operator’s side.
PLANET EARTH: Gets a lower carbon dioxide foot print from reduced power consumption.
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How do you measure the success of your programme? How successful have you been to date in quantifiable terms?
Success of the green Eyeline’s product is measured by its coverage. To date, Eyeline SMS&USSD Center have had 7 deployments and is available to 61.5 mln subscribers in Russia country wide (single installation in Moscow), and to 40 mln subscribers regionally (6 installations).
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What specific evidence would you highlight for your programme/initiative/policy or product, in terms of it contributing toward a greener economy, industry or community, or reducing carbon emissions?
The evidence comes from comparison to other SMS/USSD centers, which to the best of our knowledge use 2-3 times more space, 1.5-2 times more electricity, servicing 3-8 times less SMS.
Since there are about 3.4 billion subscribers who will send 2.3 trillion messages in 2008 (Gartner estimates), we can calculate potential energy savings from using our solution.
If Eyeline SMSC would deliver all SMS in the world, its annual electricity consumption would be 766,667 kWh. If all SMS (we will not consider USSD for a moment) centers were as efficient as Eyeline’s, the wider world would have saved at least as much as electricity as our SMSC consumes (assuming other solutions consume twice as much electricity for the same number of serviced SMS, a very reasonable assumption).
Therefore, we arrive at wasted energy in the amount of about 750 MWh – minimum – that could provide electricity to 164 European households all year round (based on Greenpeace consumption data).
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What business benefits have you seen from your focus on environmental sustainability?
Today, when awareness about resource depletion and climate change is on the rise, we see more customers choosing “green” and efficient solutions that provide more and consume less. What is more important in our view is to have the most efficient solution at the lowest cost. Obviously it is a non-trivial task but, as our product demonstrates, quite solvable.
Companies choose Eyeline solutions because it shows amazing productivity being very compact and maintenance effective. Efficiency is the focus of Eyeline Communications that gave us the well deserved attention and marketing benefits.
- What plans do you have to expand and extend your policy/ programme/ initiative/product in the future? In what ways is your policy / programme/initiative/product sustainable?
We believe that messaging is here to stay and grow. Therefore solutions that provide or enhance messaging functionality will be in demand. Following the success of Eyeline SMS&USSD Center we developed related carrier-grade products, in which we re-use our green code that proved to be that efficient: Eyeline Missed Calls Alert, Universal Balance Request, SMS Extra, USSD Services Aggregation Portal. Each of these products have interoperability with our SMS&USSD Center and have at least one commercial deployment.
We also plan to provide value added services on a global scale by extending functionality and increasing utilization of deployed Eyeline SMS&USSD centers. As one example of our green initiative, which now undergoes beta-testing, is an arrival tracking application which sends pre-set text messages to a subscriber’s recipients when she turns on her phone upon arrival that reduces unnecessary network utilization.
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Power Savings of Sun Equipment
Ivan Komarov
Continuing from the last post. Another thing found on my computer.
It’s a paper from Sun about their servers’ eco properties. Those who use Sun do good for themselves and environment.
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Mobile Site and Analytics
Ivan Komarov
You know, it is from my Soviet legacy: I collect, collect, collect. Some of it is crap, some can be useful for someone. I decided to put it all online.
Here a chunk of today:
Mobile_advertising_for_newbies
It’s from Bango and it’s a review of different mobile web analytics.
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Happy New Year!
Ivan Komarov
It is hard to start New Year in Russia. We have 10 day holiday and tonight is the last of them — so call Old New Year, a New Year celebrated by old calendar. It falls on the 13-14th of January — the same way Russian Orthodox Christmas falls on th 6-7th instead of 24-25th of December.
So… Happy New Year to those, who I have missed!
